Validity and Reliability of Qualitative Data: A Critical Analysis

Qualitative research has become an essential tool in various fields, including healthcare, social sciences, and education. However, the validity and reliability of qualitative data have been a subject of debate among researchers. One method that has gained popularity is cognitive interviewing, which involves analyzing interview transcripts to reconstruct interpretative frames. In this article, we will assess the interobserver reliability of this analytical method as an indicator of its rigor.

Cognitive interviewing has been used in various studies, including research synthesis. However, few studies have presented the results of using criteria for validity of qualitative studies. The aim of cognitive interviewing is to describe a person's perspective, distinguishing between perceived problem definitions, proposed solutions, empirical background theories, and normative preferences. This method can be useful in understanding healthcare professionals' perspectives on proposed solutions.

In this study, six analysts reconstructed interpretative frames on the basis of verbatim transcripts of three interviews. The analysts agreed moderately about the issues identified and which problems should be prioritized. However, they showed remarkable unanimity as to the estimates of the respondents' cooperation on proposed solutions.

The quality of reconstructing interpretative frames was investigated in this study. The results showed that the method is a useful tool for analyzing interview transcripts. However, the interobserver reliability of this analytical method needs to be assessed to ensure its rigor.

In conclusion, cognitive interviewing is a valuable method for qualitative research. However, the validity and reliability of qualitative data need to be ensured through rigorous methods such as interobserver reliability assessment. Future studies should present the results of using criteria for validity of qualitative studies to improve the credibility of their findings.

Validity and reliability of qualitative data